Brick for furnace-wall construction



NYG X BR I CK FOR FURNAC E WALL 0 ON 3 TRUE T I ON Feb, 1926 vw waw 4;ATT 52w.

INVENTOR ATTORNEY.

BRIE OR FOR FUR Patented Dec. 25, 1928.

' UNITED STATES (PATENT oFFI cE.

OSCAR IQY'GAABD, 'OF SA'UGUS, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR llO BERNITZFURNACE APPLIANCE COMPANY, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS, A QORPORATION OFMASSA- CHUSETTS.

BRICK FOR'FUTRNACE-WALL CONSTRUCTION.

Application filed February 3, 1926. Serial No. 85,683.'

This invention relates to air cooled furnace walls and more especiallyto a brick adapted for use in building such walls.

- An application of even date herewith, S'erial No. 85,682, filedjointly by this applicant and another, describes and claims a novelfurnace wall construction and a novel brick used in said Well. Thepresent invention provides another brick adapted especially'for use insaid wall, although capable also of being used to advantage in otherfurnace wall structures. It is the. chief object of the presentinvention to devise a brick for the general type with which thisinvention is more particularly concerned; I

Figs. 2 and 3 are cross-sectional views on the lines 2-42. and 3-3,respectively, of Fig. 1;

- Fig. 4 is-a perspective view of a brick embodying the pre e tinvention; I

Figs. 5 and 6 are, respectively, a front elevation and a verticalcross-sectional view of a modified construction of'brick';

Fig. 7 is a front elevation of another modi= fication; and

Fig. 8 is a perspective view of still another form of brick embodyingthis invention.

Figs. 1, 2 and 3 show a small part of a furnace wall which is dividedinto a, rear section A and a front section B. The rear section is'madeof ordinary fire brick, while the front section is made of specialbricks, and includes four superposed courses. The bricks C of which theupper course is made are of a hollow box liketype having rearwardlyextending flanges, .one of these bricks being shown on a larger scale inFig. 4. The

use in furnace walls which can be eifectually' bricks D in the nextcourse from the top are T-shaped in central, horizontal cross-section,each brick having an uprightfiange 2 which PI'OJGCtS rearwardly fromthecentral part of the body portion or front wall of the brick.

The bricks E in the next to the bottom course I are like the bricks Cexcept that they are provided with air discharge openings or apertures3, while the bricks F in the lowermost course are like the bricks Dexcept that they are prov ded with four air discharge openings 3.. Thebricks in adjacent courses are i so laid that their rearwardly extendingflanges are superposed .upon' each other, thus providing a. series ofcontinuous webs, each extending continuously from the top to the bottomof the front section, and also extending from the front wall of thesection B to the'rear section A.

At the upper end of this dividedwall an air space or header 5 is formedto which air under pressure is supplied through one-or more air inletducts 6. The flanges of the bricks cooperate to provide both horizontaland vertical passages between the solid portions of the front and rearsections B and A through which this air circulates freely, the air beingdischarged at the bottom of the front section through the' apertures 3.Or another header (not shown) may be provided at the lower end of thisdivided wall to rerelatively large chamber 8 extending into it from therear side thereof so that the front wall of the brick is comparativelythin. Preferably this brick is made of carborundum (silicon carbide) orsome other highly refractory material and, if made of carborun- .dum,the front wall may be about 2 thick.

This front wall forms what may be regarded as the body portion of thebrick, and when in use its front face is exposed to the fire. EX-tending rearwardly from this part of the brick are upper and lowerflanges 9 and 10,.

respectively, and side flanges 11 and 12, re-

rearward edges of all these flanges are notched deeply, as clearly shownin'Fig. 4, so that these four walls only partly surround'the chamber 8.The two notches 13 and 14 formed in the top and bottom flanges may beconsidered as having been formed by deeply grooving the back part of thebrick in a vertical direction, while the notches 15 and 16 may beregarded as formed by similarly grooving the back of the brickhorizontally to a lesser depth.

' This flanged and notched construction has the advantage of permittingthe bricks of the front section to abut against the rear wall sectionwhile also permitting a free circulation of air in contact with the rearsurface of the front wall of the brick where it can sweep away the heatwhich is conducted through this wall so that the brick can be cooledsufliciently by the. air currents to keep the front face or fire face ofthe brick at approximately the desired temperature. The flanges alsocontribute to this result since they conduct heat away from the frontwall and, by exposing a large surface to contact with the coolingcurrent of air, they effectually dissipate this heat. The notches in theupper and lower flanges provide ample space for the downward flow of acurrent of air between the front and rear wall sections,

the corresponding portions of the adjoining bricks. A strongerconstruction thus is provided, and if the flanges of any brick shouldcrack or break off, the fact that the front wall of this brick isinterlocked with or bonded to the next adjacent bricks would result inholding it securely in the'wall:

The brick shown in Figs. 5 and 6 is exactly like that shown in Fig. 4except that it is provided with two tapered air discharging apertures 3,while the brick shown in Fig. 'i is like that shown in Fig. 4 exceptthat it has four of these air discharging apertures;

In Fig. 8 I have shown a brick G which is quite similar to theconstruct-ion shown in Fig. 4 but differs from it in not being chamberedas deeply. This design is somewhat better adapted for manufacture fromfire clay than is the construction shown in Fig. 5, since it does notinclude such thin webs which might not have sutiicient strength if madefrom fire clay. A deep groove 22 is formed'vertically through thecentral part of the rear side of this'block thus leaving two flanges atopposite sides of this groove which corresponchin general, to theflanges 11 and 12 of the brick shown in Fig. i. The rearward edges ofthese flanges are also grooved or notched horizontally, as clearly shownin Fig. 8, so'that this construction provides the necessary passages forthe circulation of air in the manner above described.

Since the flanges of this brick are relatively thick where they join thefront wall or body portion of the block, and decrease gradually inthickness as they extend rear-wardly, they are strong mechanically evenwhen made of fire clay. This brick'can be manufactured from clay at aconsiderable price advantage overa silicon carbide brick of theconstruction shown in Fig. 4. and it can be used very satisfactorily inthose parts of the furnace where the temperatures are not so high as torequire a brick made of more refractory material. other brickconstructions shown can be manufactured more economically than priorbricks of which I am aware and which are intended for the same work.They can be cooled very effectually by air. as above described. and theymake a wall of superior strengthand rigidity.

While I have herein shown and described typical brick constructionsembodying the invention in the form at present preferred, it will beunderstood that the essential features of the invention may be embodiedin bricks of other designs. The wall and T-brick constructions hereinshown and described are not claimed in this application but are claimedin the pending case previously referred to.

Having thus described my invention, what I desire to claim as new is:

1. A brick for furnace wall construction having a relatively largechamber extending into it from the rear side thereof leaving arelatively thin wall at the front of the brick, said brick being made ofnon-metallic refractory material, flanges projecting rearwardly fromsaid wall at opposite edges thereof and forming opposite walls of saidchamber. said flanges having notches therein providing passagestherethrough leading from the chamber to the opposite sides of thebrick, and a hole extending through said wall from said chamber to thefront face of the brick.

2. A brick for furnace wall construction comprising a relatively thinbody portion forming the front wall of the brick and two flangesprojecting rearwardly from said front wall at opposite ends thereof,said flanges being substantially thicker adjacent to said front wallthan at points more remote there from and notched along the edgethereof, the

At the same time the outer faces of said flanges being substantiallycontinuous with the end faces of said bod I portion, said brick beingmade of non-meta lie refractory material. I

3. A brick for furnace wall construction comprising a relatively thinbody portion forming the front wall of the brick, the brick beingmade ofnon-metallic refractory material, said front wall having'a tongueextending along one edge thereof and a corresponding grooveformed in theopposite edge, and two upright flanges projecting rearwardly from saidfront wall at opposite ends thereof and extending the entire height ofsaid front wall, the outer faces of said flanges being 3 from top tobottom to provide two flanges extending rearwardly from the body portionof the brick, said flanges being relativelywide where they join thefront wall of the brick and decreasing in width as they extendrearwardly, and the inner surfaces of the intermediate portions of saidflanges being chamtions are made relatively thin.

5. A brick for furnace wall construction made of refractory non-metallicmaterial and grooved deeply at the rearward side thereof from top tobottom to provide two flanges extending rearwardly from the body portionofthe brick, said flanges being relatively wide where they join thefront wall of the brick and decreasing in width as they'extendrearwardly, the rearward side of said body portion and'the adjacentsurfaces of said flanges being chambered out to make the intermediateportions 'of the flanges and said body portion relatively thin.

'6. A brick for furnace wall construction made of refractorynon-metallic material and grooved deeply at the rearward side thereoffrom top to bottom to provide two flanges extending rearwardly from thebody portion ofthe brick, said flanges being relatively Wide where theyjoin the front Wall of the brick and decreasing in Width as they extendrearwardly, the inner surfaces of the intermediate "portions of saidflanges being chamberedout, whereby said intermediate portions are maderelatively thin, and tapered notches in the rearward edges of saidintermediateportions OSCAR NYGAA-RD.

of the flanges.

